India-USA Bilateral Trade Analysis 2023
Complete trade statistics: $123.46B total volume •India surplus: $39.26B
India → USA
$81.36B
Exports (2023)
USA → India
$42.10B
Imports (2023)
Trade Balance
$39.26B
Surplus for India
Total Trade
$123.46B
Combined Volume
Trade Flow Visualization
Direct trade relationship between India and USA. Green line shows exports from India, red line shows imports.
Detailed Product Trade Analysis
Comprehensive breakdown of trade flows by product category, revealing the specialized nature of the India-USA commercial relationship and competitive positioning in global markets.
India → USA Exports
Export Market Intelligence
🎯 Strategic Export Focus
India's export portfolio to USA demonstrates strong diversification across multiple sectors, with medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale representing a key competitive advantage in this bilateral market.
USA → India Imports
Import Dependency Profile
📦 Import Strategy Analysis
India's import pattern from USA reveals significant dependencyin oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude, highlighting complementary economic structures and potential supply chain optimization opportunities.
Competitive Trade Position Analysis
Market Leadership
India demonstrates competitive strength in exportingmedicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale to USA, leveraging comparative advantages.
Trade Complementarity
The bilateral relationship showsmoderatecomplementarity, with each country specializing in different sectors.
Growth Potential
The $123.46B trade volume indicates substantial economic integration with room for expansion in emerging sectors.
Executive Summary: India-USA Trade Relationship
Key Trade Highlights 2023
- Total Trade Volume: $123.46 billionrepresenting a significant bilateral economic relationship
- Trade Balance: India maintains a surplus of $39.26 billion
- Export Focus: India's primary exports include medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale, diamonds: non-industrial, (other than unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted), but not mounted or set, petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not crude: preparations n.e.c. containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals: these being the basic constituents of the preparations: waste oils
- Import Dependencies: Key imports from USA include oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude, coal: (other than anthracite and bituminous), whether or not pulverised but not agglomerated, turbo-jets: of a thrust exceeding 25kn
Strategic Trade Indicators
📈 Market Position: This bilateral trade relationship represents one of the world's largest trade partnerships, with complementary economic strengths driving sustained commercial exchange.
Historical Trade Analysis & Economic Context
Trade Evolution Timeline
2019-2023: Recent Trends
Current trade volume of $123.46B represents the culmination of evolving bilateral commercial relationships, influenced by global supply chain shifts and changing economic priorities.
2015-2019: Growth Period
Sustained expansion in bilateral trade driven by complementary economic structures, with India leveraging its comparative advantages in medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale.
2010-2015: Foundation Building
Establishment of modern trade frameworks and reduction of barriers, facilitating increased commercial exchange and investment flows between the two economies.
Pre-2010: Early Development
Initial stages of bilateral trade relationship development, with focus on traditional export-import patterns and gradual market integration.
Key Economic Drivers
Comparative Advantage
India's specialization in medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail salecomplements USA's demand patterns, creating natural trade synergies.
Supply Chain Integration
Deep integration in global value chains has strengthened bilateral linkages, particularly in oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude.
Market Access & Trade Policy
Favorable trade agreements and market access conditions have facilitated the growth of this $123.46B bilateral relationship.
Trade Pattern Insights
Trade Relationship Outlook
The $123.46B bilateral trade volume positions this relationship for continued growth, supported by technological advancement, evolving consumer preferences, and strengthening economic ties. Key opportunities lie in expanding cooperation in emerging sectors while managing potential supply chain vulnerabilities.
Economic Impact & Strategic Outlook
Economic Impact Assessment
Trade Volume Impact
The $123.46 billion bilateral trade volume represents a major economic driverfor both economies.
Industrial Integration
Trade flows in medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale and oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude demonstrate deep industrial linkages and supply chain integration.
Trade Balance Effects
India's trade surplus of $39.26 billion strengthens its overall economic position in this bilateral relationship.
Strategic Future Outlook
🚀Growth Opportunities
⚠️Risk Factors
🎯Strategic Recommendations
- Strengthen cooperation in high-value sectors beyond current trade patterns
- Develop alternative supply chains to reduce dependency risks
- Explore joint ventures in emerging technology sectors
- Enhance trade facilitation and reduce transaction costs
Market Position & Competitive Summary
The bilateral trade relationship between India and USA represents a total trade volume of $123.46 billion in 2023. This partnership demonstrates a favorable trade balance for India, with exports exceeding importsby $39.26 billion.
Export Strengths
India's exports to USA total $81.36 billion, with competitive advantages in medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale, representing $7.85B or9.6% of bilateral exports.
Import Dependencies
Imports from USA amount to $42.10 billion, highlighting economic interdependence in oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude, with Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude comprising12.6% of total imports.
The trade relationship reflects broader economic patterns and comparative advantages. The trade surplus indicates India's competitive position in this bilateral relationship. This partnership is characterized by complementary trade flows, with each country specializing in different product categories based on their respective economic strengths, industrial capabilities, and position in global value chains.
Download Bilateral Trade Data
Access detailed trade data between India and USA in multiple formats.
Data Source: CEPII BACI (Base pour l'Analyse du Commerce International) • Last Updated: January 2025 • Coverage: 1995-2023